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| sames FEATURES n SA9103E SINGLE PHASE BIDIRECTIONAL POWER/ENERGY METERING IC WITH SERIAL INTERFACE n Performs bidirectional active power/ energy measurement Meets the IEC 521/1036 Specification requirements for Class 1 AC Watt hour meters Protected against ESD Power consumption rating below 25mW Adaptable to different current sensor technologies Operates over a wide temperature range Serial interface having a RS232 protocol Precision voltage reference on-chip Tri-state output to allow parallel connection of devices. n n n n n n n DESCRIPTION The SAMES SA9103E Single Phase bidirectional Power/Energy metering integrated circuit has a serial interface with a RS232 protocol, ideal for use with a Controller. The SA9103E performs the calculation for active power. The integrated value for active energy is accessable through the RS232-Interface as a 16 bit value. This innovative universal single phase power/energy metering integrated circuit is ideally suited for energy calculations in applications such as electricitydispensing systems (ED's), residential municipal metering and factory energy metering and control. The SA9103E integrated circuit is available in both 20 pin dual-in-line plastic (DIP-20), as well as 20 pin small outline (SOIC-20) package types. PIN CONNECTIONS IIN IIP VREF CPON CPOP CPIN CPIP V DD TP9 OSC2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 DR-00917 20 GND 19 IVP 18 CON 17 COP 16 CIN 15 CIP 14 V SS 13 SIN 12 SOUT 11 OSC1 Package: DIP-20 SOIC-20 1/14 4353 PDS039-SA9103E-001 REV. B 14-11-1996 SA9103E BLOCK DIAGRAM V DD V SS IIP IIN ANALOG SIGNAL PROCESSING ACTIVE ENERGY SIN SOUT SERIAL INTERFACE VOLTAGE REF. IVP GND OSC TIMING DR-00918 VREF OSC1 OSC2 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Parameter Supply Voltage Current on any pin Storage Temperature Operating Temperature Symbol VDD -VSS IPIN TSTG TO Min -0.3 -150 -40 -40 Max 6.0 +150 +125 +85 Unit V mA C C * Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other condition above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification, is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. 2/14 sames SA9103E ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VDD = 2.5V, VSS = -2.5V, over the temperature range -10C to +70C#, unless otherwise specified.) Parameter Supply Voltage: Positive Supply Voltage: Negative Supply Current: Positive Supply Current: Negative Symbol VDD VSS IDD ISS Min 2.25 -2.75 5 5 Typ Max 2.75 -2.25 6 6 Unit V V mA mA Condition Current Sensor Inputs (Differential) Input Current Range I II -25 +25 A Peak value Voltage Sensor Input (Asymetrical) Input Current Range Pin SOUT Output Low Voltage Output High Voltage Pin SIN High Voltage Low Voltage Pull-up Current Oscillator Pin VREF Ref. Current Ref. Voltage # I IV V OL VOH VIH VIL -II -25 +25 VSS+1 A V V V V A Peak value IOL = 5mA IOH = -2mA VDD-1 VDD-1 50 VSS+1 150 VIN = V SS Recommended crystal: TV colour burst crystal f = 3.5795 MHz -I R VR 45 1.1 50 55 1.3 A V With R = 24k connected to VSS Referred to V SS Extended Operating Temperature Range available on request. sames 3/14 SA9103E PIN DESCRIPTION Pin 20 8 14 19 1 2 11 10 12 13 4 5 6 7 15 16 17 18 3 9 Designation GND VDD VSS IVP IIN IIP OSC1 OSC2 SOUT SIN CPON CPOP CPIN CPIP CIP CIN COP CON VREF TP9 Connections for crystal or ceramic resonator (OSC1 = Input ; OSC2 = Output) Serial Interface Out Serial Interface In Connections for outer loop capacitors of A/D converter (Voltage) Connections for inner loop capacitors of A/D converter (Voltage) Connections for inner loop capacitors of A/D converter (Current) Connections for outer loop capacitors of A/D converter (Current) Connection for current setting resistor Test Pin. Connect to VSS Description Ground Positive Supply Voltage Negative Supply Voltage Analog input for Voltage Inputs for current sensor FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The SA9103E is a CMOS mixed signal Analog/Digital integrated circuit, which performs power/energy calculations across a power range of 1000:1, to an overall accurancy of better than Class 1. The integrated circuit includes of all the required functions for 1-phase power and energy measurement, such as two oversampling A/D converters for the voltage and current sense inputs, power calculation and energy integration. Internal offsets are eliminated through the use of cancellation procedures. The SA9103E integrates the measured active power consumption into a 22 bit integrator, which is accessable via a serial port having a RS232 protocol. 4/14 sames SA9103E 1. Power calculation In the Application Circuit (Figure 1), the voltage drop across the shunt will be between 0 and 16mV (0 to 80A through a shunt resistor of 200). This voltage is converted to a current of between 0 and 16A, by means of resistors R1 and R2. The current sense input saturates at an input current of 25A peak. For the voltage sense input, the mains voltage (230VAC) is divided down through a divider to 14V. The resulting current into the A/D converter input is set at 14A at nominal mains voltage,via resistor R4 (1M). In this configuration, with a mains voltage of 230V and a current of 80A, the SA9103E functions at its optimum conditions, having a margin of 3dB for overload available. Analog Input Configuration The input circuitry of the current and voltage sensor inputs are illustrated below. These inputs are protected against electrostatic discharge through clamping diodes. The feedback loops from the outputs of the amplifiers A I and AV generate virtual shorts on the signal inputs. Exact duplications of the input currents are generated for the analog signal processing circuitry. 2. V DD IIP CURRENT SENSOR INPUTS V SS V DD AI IIN V SS V DD IVP VOLTAGE SENSOR INPUT V SS A V DR-00919 GND sames 5/14 SA9103E 3. 4. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection The SA9103E integrated circuit's inputs/outputs are protected against ESD. Power Consumption The power consumption rating of the SA9103E integrated circuit is less than 25mW. Serial Interface Reading and resetting of the SA9103E's on-chip integrator, is performed via the serial interface. The settings are: 19 200 Baud 1 Start bit (S) 1 Stop bit (E) No parity bits The Serial Interface allows for the following operations: Read Integrator: The SA9103E integrated circuit transmits the integrator status to the controller, after the current measurement cycle has been completed (8 mains periods maximum). Reset Integrator: The SA9103E integrator is reset, without transmitting the integrator status. Read/Reset Integrator): The SA9103E transmits the integrator status and resets the integrator after the current measurement cycle has been completed. In a typical application, the system controller monitors the status of the SA9103E's integrator using the "Read" command. At rated load conditions, the capacity of the 22 bit integrator allows for an integration time of 2 seconds prior to integrator overflow. If after a "Read" command, the integrator value is sufficently high, a "Read/Reset" command from the controller causes the SA9103E integrated circuit to complete the existing measurement cycle, transmit the 16 most significant bits of the 22 bit integrator via the Serial Output (SOUT) to the controller and restart the integrator. In order to ensure correct measurements, the integrator commands ("Read" and "Read/Reset") are only executed after completion of the internal offset calibration cycle. The cycle length is 8 mains periods. Thus, for power calculations, the time value should be taken from the difference in time from the previously received energy value to the currently received value. 5. 6/14 sames SA9103E By adapting the "Read/Reset" rate to the line current the accuracy of the measurement can be achieved down to lowest signal levels. Read, Reset and Read/Reset of integrator for active energy RD RD RE S RE S RD / RE S ST AR T BI T D R -0 0 9 2 0 RD RE S S T OP BI T The register access codes which can be written to the SA9103E via the serial communications port are shown in the table below: REGISTER Active READ $01 RESET $02 READ-RESET $03 From the two bytes of data output by the device, the value for the register may be derived as shown: Register value = (first byte * 256) + second byte The most significant bit of the 16 bit energy register is an indication fo the direction of the energy flow (0 = positive, 1 = negative) Data on SOUT 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 FIRST BYTE DR-00923 SECOND BYTE sames 7/14 SA9103E 6. Register Values The active energy measured per count, may be calculated by applying the following formula: Energy per Count = When VI K Rated Voltage Rated Current 9281 for Active Energy V I K = = = TYPICAL APPLICATIONS In the Application Circuits (Figures 1 and 2) the components required for power metering applications, are shown. In Figure 1, a shunt resistor is used for current sensing. In this application, the circuitry requires a +2.5V, 0V, -2.5V DC supply. In the case of Figure 2, when using a current transformer for current sensing, a +5V, 0V DC supply is sufficient for the circuit. The most important external components for the SA9103E integrated circuit are: C1 and C2 are the outer loop capacitors for the two integrated oversampling A/D converters. The value of these capacitors is 560pF. The actual values determine the signal to noise and stability performance. The tolerances should be within 10%. C3 and C4 are the inner loop capacitors of the A/D converters. The optimum value is 3.3nF. The actual values are uncritical. Values smaller than 0.5nF and larger than 5nF should be avoided. R1, R2 and RSH are the resistors defining the current level into the current sense input. The values should be selected for an input current of 16A into the SA9103E at maximum line current. Values for RSH of less than 200 should be avoided. R1 = R2 = (IL/16A) * RSH/2 Where IL = Line current RSH = Shunt resistor/termination resistor R3, R6 and R4 set the current for the voltage sense input. The values should be selected so that the input current into the voltage sense input (virtual ground) is set to 14A. R7 defines all on-chip bias and reference currents. With R7 = 24k, optimum conditions are set. 8/14 sames SA9103E XTAL is a colour burst TV crystal (f = 3.5795MHz) for the oscillator. The oscillator frequency is divided down to 1.7897MHz on-chip, to supply the A/D converters and digital circuitry. Figure 1: Application Circuit using a Shunt Resistor for Current Sensing, having a PC (Personal Computer) Interface. Note: The Serial Interface having a RS232 protocol, has been designed to operate directly with a PC (Personal Computer). sames 9/14 SA9103E Part List for Application Circuit: Figure 1 Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Symbol IC-1 IC-2 IC-3 D1 D2 D3 ZD1 ZD2 XTAL R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 C1 C2 C3 C4 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 RSH Description SA9103E Opto Coupler 4N35 Opto Coupler 4N35 Diode, Silicon, 1N4148 Diode, Silicon, 1N4148 Diode, Silicon, 1N4148 Diode, Zener, 2.4V, 200mW Diode, Zener, 2.4V, 200mW Crystal, 3.5795MHz Resistor, 1% metal Resistor, 1% metal Resistor, 390k, (230VAC), 1% metal Resistor, 1M, 1/4W, 1% metal Resitor, 470, 2W, 5%, carbon Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 680, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 680, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 680, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 100k, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 120, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 120k, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 3.9k, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 120, 1/4W, 5% Capacitor, 560pF Capacitor, 560pF Capacitor, 3.3nF Capacitor, 3.3nF Capacitor, 100nF Capacitor, 100nF Capacitor, 0.47F, 250VAC, polyester Capacitor, 100nF Capacitor, 100F Capacitor, 100F Capacitor, 820nF Shunt Resistor Detail DIP-20/SOIC-20 DIP-6 DIP-6 Colour burst TV Note 1 Note 1 Note 2 Note 1: Resistor (R1 and R2) values are dependant upon the selected value of RSH. Note 2: See TYPICAL APPLICATIONS when selecting the value for RSH. 10/14 sames SA9103E Figure 2: Application Circuit using a Current Transformer for Current Sensing. sames 11/14 SA9103E Parts List for Application Circuit: Figure 2 Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Symbol IC-1 XTAL RSH R1 R2 R3 R4 R6 R7 R8 R9 C1 C2 C3 C4 C9 C10 C11 CT Description SA9103E Crystal, 3.5795MHz Resistor Resistor, 1%, metal Resistor, 1%, metal Resistor, 390k, (230VAC) 1%, metal Resistor, 1M, 1/4W, metal Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, metal Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, metal Resistor, 2.2k, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 2.2k, 1/4W, 5% Capacitor, 560pF Capacitor, 560pF Capacitor, 3.3nF Capacitor, 3.3nF, Capacitor, 820nF Capacitor, 100nF Capacitor Current transformer Detail DIP-20/SOIC-20 Colour burst TV Note 1 Note 2 Note 2 Note 3 Note 4 Note 1: See TYPICAL APPLICATIONS when selecting the value of RSH. Note 2: Resistor (R1and R2) values are dependant upon the selected value of RSH. Note 3: Capacitor (C9) to be positioned as close to IC-1, as possible. Note 4: Capacitor (C11) selected for DC blocking and to minimize phase error introduced by the current transformer. ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number SA9103EPA SA9103ESA Package DIP-20 SOIC-20 12/14 sames SA9103E NOTES: sames 13/14 SA9103E Disclaimer: The information contained in this document is confidential and proprietary to South African MicroElectronic Systems (Pty) Ltd ("SAMES") and may not be copied or disclosed to a third party, in whole or in part, without the express written consent of SAMES. The information contained herein is current as of the date of publication; however, delivery of this document shall not under any circumstances create any implication that the information contained herein is correct as of any time subsequent to such date. SAMES does not undertake to inform any recipient of this document of any changes in the information contained herein, and SAMES expressly reserves the right to make changes in such information, without notification,even if such changes would render information contained herein inaccurate or incomplete. SAMES makes no representation or warranty that any circuit designed by reference to the information contained herein, will function without errors and as intended by the designer. Any Sales or technical questions may be posted to our e-mail address below: energy@sames.co.za For the latest updates on datasheets, please visit out web site: http://www.sames.co.za South African Micro-Electronic Systems (Pty) Ltd P O Box 15888, 33 Eland Street, Lynn East, Koedoespoort Industrial Area, 0039 Pretoria, Republic of South Africa, Republic of South Africa Tel: Fax: 14/14 012 333-6021 012 333-8071 sames Tel: Fax: Int +27 12 333-6021 Int +27 12 333-8071 |
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